1/8/2024 0 Comments Sheet music rescue aid society![]() After the French Revolution (1789) the “rescue opera” with its theme of resistance to tyranny became popular, culminating in Beethoven’s Fidelio, based on Jean-Nicolas Bouilly’s play Léonore. An example of this approach is Mozart’s Die Zauberflöte (1791 The Magic Flute), to Emanuel Schikaneder’s libretto. In contrast to serious opera, comic opera had always dealt with subjects from real life, and it now became the framework for works that were largely serious in intention. In the late 18th century librettists began to turn aside from mythology and antiquity. Ranieri Calzabigi, working closely with Gluck, wrote the libretto for Orfeo ed Euridice the result, in marked contrast with contemporary librettos, supported Gluck’s musical aims of simplicity and profundity. The movement for reform was most noticeable in the works of Christoph Gluck. Their elevated style eventually came under criticism as unnatural and occasionally absurd. The style of 18th-century librettos was exemplified by Pietro Metastasio and by Apostolo Zeno, both of whom aimed at raising libretto standards by banishing comic characters from serious opera and creating a lofty poetic drama. While they appealed to the common people by the inclusion of love intrigues that were not required to reflect historical facts, historical librettos that portrayed magnanimous rulers flattered the aristocracy on whom many opera centres were financially dependent. In 1642 Gian Francesco Busenello based his L’incoronazione di Poppea ( The Coronation of Poppea, music by Monteverdi) on incidents in the life of Nero, and, from that point on, historical subjects became increasingly popular. The early 17th-century librettists drew their subject matter from pastoral drama of the 16th century, which dealt with mythological subjects, as in Alessandro Striggio’s Orfeo (1607), set to music by Claudio Monteverdi. It was usually only the librettist who saw his name in print. Despite the enhancement of the composer’s role, full operatic scores were rarely printed. A tendency to more lyrical treatment of the text developed in Venice, however, and purely musical demands began to outweigh strict subservience to the poetry. The early French and Italian librettists regarded their works as poetic dramas, and the composer was expected to pay faithful regard to the accents of the words. ![]() The earliest operas, beginning in 1597 with Ottavio Rinuccini’s Dafne, set to music by Jacopo Peri, were court entertainments, and as a commemoration the words were printed in a small book, or “libretto.” In the 1630s Venetian opera became a public spectacle, and audiences used printed librettos to follow the drama. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today. ![]() Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history. ![]() #WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |